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Body Mass Index Differences and Parities on Knowledge of Myocardial Infarction among Public and Outpatients in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Cross-Sectional Study in Greater Gaborone, Botswana

Ookeditse Ookeditse^1,2,3*, Kebadiretse K Ookeditse⁴, Thusego R Motswakadikgwa⁵, Gosiame Masilo, Yaone Bogatsu³, Baleufi C Lekobe⁵, Mosepele Mosepele^3,7, Henrik Schirmer^8,9,10 and Stein H Johnsen^8,11

¹Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Vestfold Hospital Trust, T酶nsberg, Norway

²Department of Family Medicine, Larvik County Acute and Emergency Clinic, Larvik, Norway

³Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana

⁴4Deapartment of Medicine, Notodden Medical Office, Nottoden, Norway

⁵Department of Internal Medicine, Sidilega Private Hospital, Gaborone, Botswana

⁶Division of Family Medicine, Nanset Medical Clinic, Larvik, Norway

⁷Department of Medicine, Princess Marina Referral Hospital, Gaborone, Botswana

⁸Department of Cardiology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Troms酶, Norway

⁹Department of Cardiology, Akershus University Hospital, L酶renskog, Norway

¹⁰Department of Neurology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway

¹¹Department of Neurology, University Hospital of North Norway, Troms酶, Norway

Received Date: Apr 29, 2024 / Published Date: May 29, 2024

Citation: Ookeditse O, Ookeditse KK, Motswakadikgwa TR, Masilo G, Bogatsu Y, et al. (2024) Body Mass Index Differences and Parities on Knowledge of Myocardial Infarction among Public and Outpatients in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Cross-Sectional Study in Greater Gaborone, Botswana. J Obes Weight Loss Ther S8:002.

Copyright: © 2024 Ookeditse O, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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Objective: In this questionnaire-based study from Botswana, we assessed knowledge of Myocardial Infarction (MI) symptoms and risk factors among the general public and outpatients with MI risk factors based on Body Mass Index (BMI), in addition to assessing associations with sociodemographic and MI risk factors.

Method: The questionnaires comprised of open-ended questionnaires: 8 MI symptoms and 10 risk factors. They were administered by research assistants to a representative selection of 525 outpatients and 2248 public respondents. BMI was calculated after measuring weight and height in all respondents. Comparison of knowledge scores between the two groups was performed. We investigated whether BMI adjusted sociodemographic and MI risk factors had influence on the scores.

Results: The valid response rates were as follows: 2199 for public respondents (97.8%) and 515 for outpatients (98.1%). Public respondents had mean age (± SD) 35.2 ± 12.3 years while outpatients had 38.5 ± 12.6 years. The public and outpatients consisted of 43.1% and 45.4% males respectively.

In general, outpatients had higher knowledge of MI symptoms than the public among those with normal BMI, mean scores (95% CI) of 3.79 (3.47-4.10) vs. 2.95 (2.70-3.10). Outpatients also had higher knowledge score of MI risk factors than the public among those with normal BMI, 5.52 (5.16-5.89) vs. 3.96 (3.78-4.15), overweight, 5.40 (4.82-5.99) vs. 3.94 (3.70-4.18), and obesity, 4.56 (3.87-5.25) vs. 3.27 (2.99-3.55). For MI symptoms, outpatients had higher awareness than the public for chest pains among those overweight.

Among those with normal BMI and overweight for both outpatients and public, lower knowledge of MI symptoms was associated with not residing/working together. Among those with normal BMI for both outpatients and public, lower knowledge of MI symptoms was associated with primary education, and no family history of stroke/heart diseases. Among those overweight and obese for both outpatients and public, lower knowledge of symptoms was associated with family history of heart diseases, while among obese was also with history of hypertension. There were variations and parities on MI knowledge among respondents with various BMIs.

Conclusion: Results call for urgent educational campaigns based on BMI for MI awareness and knowledge.

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