天美传媒

Obesity management; Healthcare professionals; Weight loss interventions; Behavioral modification; Multidisciplinary care; Organizational change

Introduction

The global rise in overweight and obesity rates among children and adults has emerged as a critical public health issue, posing substantial health risks and economic burdens [1,2]. Obesity is associated with numerous adverse health outcomes, including cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and various forms of cancer. The complexity of obesity necessitates comprehensive management strategies that encompass both individual and systemic approaches. Healthcare professionals play a pivotal role in addressing obesity, yet there are significant barriers to effective obesity management within clinical settings. These barriers include inadequate training, time constraints, and lack of resources, which can hinder healthcare professionals' ability to provide effective guidance and support to patients. Moreover, the organization of care within healthcare systems often does not prioritize obesity management, leading to fragmented and inconsistent care.

Interventions aimed at modifying the practices of healthcare professionals and the organization of care are crucial to enhancing the effectiveness of obesity management [3]. This involves equipping healthcare professionals with the necessary skills and knowledge to address obesity, integrating behavioral and motivational interviewing techniques into routine practice, and fostering a multidisciplinary approach to patient care. Additionally, systemic changes such as implementing systematic screening for obesity, improving patient follow-up mechanisms, and utilizing electronic health records can facilitate better management and tracking of patient progress [4-6]. This paper reviews various interventions designed to modify healthcare professionals' behaviors and the organization of care to promote weight loss in overweight and obese individuals. By examining the effectiveness of these interventions, we aim to identify best practices and provide recommendations for improving obesity management within healthcare systems. Ultimately, a coordinated and comprehensive approach involving both individual-level and systemic interventions is essential to address the obesity epidemic and promote better health outcomes for affected individuals.

Materials and Methods

This review focuses on interventions aimed at modifying healthcare professionals' practices and the organization of care to promote weight loss in overweight and obese children and adults [7]. The study design includes a comprehensive literature review of peer-reviewed articles, clinical trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses published within the last 20 years. Studies focused on interventions targeting healthcare professionals' practices in obesity management. Research examining organizational changes in healthcare settings aimed at improving obesity care. Studies involving children and adults with overweight or obesity. Peer-reviewed articles published in English. Studies published between January 2004 and December 2023. Studies not related to obesity or weight loss interventions. Articles not published in peer-reviewed journals. Research focused solely on pharmacological treatments without behavioral or organizational components. Studies involving animals or in vitro models. Data extraction was performed by two independent reviewers to ensure accuracy and consistency. Extracted data included study characteristics (author, year, country), study design, sample size, participant demographics, intervention details, outcomes measured and key findings. The quality of included studies was assessed using standardized tools appropriate for each study design. For randomized controlled trials (RCTs), the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool was used [8]. For observational studies, the Newcastle- Ottawa Scale was applied. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses were evaluated using the AMSTAR 2 checklist.

A narrative synthesis approach was adopted to summarize the findings from the included studies. Thematic analysis was conducted to identify common themes and patterns related to the effectiveness of interventions. Quantitative data from RCTs and meta-analyses were extracted to provide an overview of intervention outcomes, such as weight reduction, patient engagement, and long-term behavior change. Ethical considerations as this study involves a review of existing literature, no primary data collection involving human or animal subjects was conducted [9,10]. Therefore, ethical approval was not required. However, ethical guidelines for conducting and reporting systematic reviews were adhered to throughout the research process. By systematically reviewing and synthesizing the evidence on interventions targeting healthcare professionals' practices and organizational changes, this study aims to provide comprehensive insights and practical recommendations for improving obesity management in clinical settings.

Conclusion

The escalating prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adults necessitates urgent and effective interventions within healthcare systems. This review highlights the critical role that healthcare professionals and the organization of care play in addressing obesity. The findings demonstrate that targeted interventions to modify healthcare professionals' practices and enhance the structure of care delivery can significantly promote weight loss and improve health outcomes for overweight and obese individuals. Key interventions include comprehensive training programs for healthcare professionals to bolster their competencies in obesity management, the integration of behavioral and motivational interviewing techniques, and the adoption of a multidisciplinary approach to patient care. Furthermore, systemic changes such as systematic obesity screening, improved patient follow-up mechanisms, and the utilization of electronic health records are crucial for the effective management of obesity. Policylevel interventions, including incentivizing healthcare providers to prioritize obesity management and facilitating access to specialized care services, are also essential. These strategies collectively enhance the capacity of healthcare systems to address obesity comprehensively and sustainably. In conclusion, a multifaceted approach that includes individual-level interventions targeting healthcare professionals and systemic organizational changes is vital for combating the obesity epidemic. By implementing these strategies, healthcare systems can significantly improve the management of obesity, leading to better health outcomes and quality of life for affected individuals. Continued research and innovation in this field are necessary to refine these interventions and ensure their widespread adoption and effectiveness.

Acknowledgement

None

Conflict of Interest

None

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