天美传媒

Garden; Design; Landscape; Lawn; Architecture

Introduction

Gibson and the garden designer Thomas Mawson (1861-1933) were given the same contract in 1903 when they were asked to provide a report for the layout of Pittencrieff Park and Glen for the newly established Carnegie Dunfermline Trust. The two men saw this as a conflict of interest. Geddes took use of the chance to research and applies his theories in a real-world setting by using a regional survey as an example [1, 2].

Methods

Landscape architecture definition

As Geddes moved on, Mawson adopted and redefined the profession of landscape architecture, using it in the same way that he had previously used the term "landscape gardener" (Mawson, 1901, p. 1). Mawson noted that during the mid-Victorian period the profession had lost status as "a means of serious art expression, and had fallen in the hands of "ill-informed amateurs obsessed with those crude conceptions of the "picturesque," which at that period [3].

Establishing forward a Geddesian canon

The Geddesian town and regional surveys and designs were primarily promoted by Patrick Abercrombie (1879–1957), who succeeded Stanley Adshead (1868–1946) as professor at the Department of Civic Design at the University of Liverpool. They included surveys of sizable regions in East Kent and the Bath and Bristol region, but his Sheffield Survey of 1924 (created with Robert Mattocks, Mawson's nephew and a town planner who specialises in park design) garnered him fame and served as a template for subsequent surveys [4,5].

Acceptance by the field of landscaping

Despite Geddes' numerous publications, they don't seem to have been widely accessible; Youngman, a qualified town planner, for instance, claimed he hadn't read any of Geddes' works (Harvey, 1987, p. 105). The majority of the latter's beliefs, however, were learned from Mumford's Culture of Cities, which he regarded as his holy book (Harvey, 1987, pp. 110–111). However, Geoffrey Jellicoe (1900–1996), a landscape architect and architect, believed that Cities in Evolution [6, 7].

Conclusions

The information shown above demonstrates how profound and long-lasting Geddes' impact to landscape architecture was. He altered our perspective on cities by introducing an integrated, multidisciplinary approach, to start. This called for an expanded vocabulary that discussed cities in a novel manner, popularised Darwinian terminology in which cities were viewed as living, evolving beings with a heart, lungs, and arteries, and introduced words that seemed to better describe the city [8, 9, and 10].

Acknowledgement

None.

Conflict of Interest

None.

1. Paul B, Glenn R (2006) . Qual Saf Health Care 15: 307-310.

, ,

2. Fany C (2020) [Architecture and intimacy: Reflections for institutional living places]. Soins Gerontol 25: 25-28.

, ,

3. Daryl M, Sarah N, Christina B, Lindsay P, Julia T (2015) . Sociol Health Illn 37: 1007-1022.

, ,

4. Robert BT (2006) . Anat Rec B New Anat 289(6): 241-251.

, ,

5. Oliver PF, Daniel H, Alfred L, David DM (2019) . Z Kinder Jugendpsychiatr Psychother 47: 27-33.

, ,

6. Joana Beisl R, Gonçalo SD, Raquel Bouça-M, Margherita F, Tiago AM (2020) . J Parkinsons Dis 10: 1301-1314.

, ,

7. Eduardo G, Stian KA, David B, Moustafa E, Y Vonne S (2021) . J Burn Care Res 42: 369-375.

, ,

8. Ruby LS, Leonid C, Clare N, Heidi Z, Julie B (2019. HERD 12: 142-158.

, ,

9. Sarah P, Melisa D, Shanti Umartojo 1, Laurene V (2020) . HERD 13: 243-255.

, ,

10. Nik B, Christina B, Alan L, Daryl M, Sarah N (2021) . Health (London) 25: 196-213.

, ,