天美传媒

Abstract

The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in maintaining overall health, and emerging evidence suggests that dietary components, particularly fatty acids, have a significant impact on gut health. This comprehensive review examines the various roles of fatty acids in gut function, microbiome composition, and gut-related diseases. Fatty acids, including short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs), are produced through the fermentation of dietary fibers by gut microbiota and directly influence gut health by modulating inflammation, gut barrier integrity, and microbial diversity. SCFAs, such as butyrate, acetate, and propionate, are particularly important for maintaining intestinal homeostasis, supporting epithelial cell function, and reducing the risk of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and colorectal cancer. Conversely, imbalances in the intake of omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) can exacerbate gut inflammation and contribute to dysbiosis, leading to gastrointestinal disorders. The review also explores the potential therapeutic applications of fatty acid supplementation in managing gut-related diseases, highlighting the need for a balanced fatty acid intake to optimize gut health. Understanding the complex interactions between fatty acids and the gut microbiota can pave the way for novel dietary interventions aimed at improving gut health and preventing disease.